This study analyses the issues identified in the CSIRO’ June 1998 report. Conclusive scientific evidence supporting the assertion that the most commonly used phthalates (DEHP and DINP) present a danger to humans is lacking says the report. With regard to lead compounds, under landfill conditions, the stabiliser loss is still slow and minor compared to other sources of lead in the environment. Likewise the contribution to heavy metals into the environment as a result of building fires can be considered as minor. Compared to common plastic alternatives, PVC products perform better in terms of lower combustibility, flammability, flame propagation and heat release. In terms of smoke density and release of corrosive gases however, PVC performs poorly but the contribution to the emission of dioxins appears to be insignificant compared to other sources. . Recycling efforts have been low-scale compared to other consumer recycling programmes but the balance of available evidence indicates that PVC in its building and construction applications has no more effect on the environment than alternatives. Some attempts are currently underway internationally to further clarify some of the remaining issues.